@퍼미션을 유지하면서 파일을 묶고 푼다.
-> tar cvfpz 파일이름.tar.gz 경로
-> tar xvfpz 파일이름.tar.gz 경로
---------------------------------------
@ tar 파일에 묶인 내용보기
->tar tvf 파일이름
설명 #
tar[타 또는 타르]는 지정된 여러 개의 파일들을 아카이브라고 부르는
하나의 파일로 만들거나, 하나의 아카이브 파일에 집적되어 있는
여러 개의 파일을 원래의 형태대로 추출해내는 유닉스 쉘명령어이다.
tar 아카이브 파일에는 어떻게 파일명을 적든상관없지만,
tar 로 묶었다는 것을 분명히 해주기 위해 ".tar"라는 파일이름 확장자가 붙는다.
tar 아카이브 파일 내에 들어있는 파일들은 압축되는 것이 아니라, 단지 하나의 파일로 모아지는 것뿐이다.
tar라는 이름은 파일들이 주로 자기테이프에 백업되고,
이따금씩 검색되기도 하던 때로부터 유래하였다.
그러나, 요즘에는 tar 아카이브가 오히려 유닉스 시스템들간에 파일들을 전송하기 위해 좀더 자주 사용되고 있다.
자주사용되는 조합 #
> tar -cvzf tarfile.tar.gz ./
* -c : tar 화일을 생성한다.
* -v : 생성되는 화일 절차를 보여준다.
* -f : backup 화일명을 지정 한다. Default는 "/dev/rmt0"이다.
* -z : gzip에 현재 tar를 넘겨 압축한다.
퍼미션 유지하며 압축하기 #
> tar -cvzp tarfile.tar.gz ./
압축풀기 #
> tar -xvfz tarfile.tar.gz ./
퍼미션 유지하며 압축풀기 #
> tar -xvfzp tarfile.tar.gz ./
내용 보기 및 테스트 #
> tar -tvfz tarfile.tar
* -t : tar화일의 목차를 보여준다.
업데이트 #
> tar -uvfz tarfile.tar reverse.c
tar 화일 끝에 reverse.c가 변경 되었으면 추가 한다.
==================================
tar --help 결과
Usage: tar [OPTION...] [FILE]...
GNU `tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk archive, and can
restore individual files from the archive.
Examples:
tar -cf archive.tar foo bar # Create archive.tar from files foo and bar.
tar -tvf archive.tar # List all files in archive.tar verbosely.
tar -xf archive.tar # Extract all files from archive.tar.
Main operation mode:
-A, --catenate, --concatenate append tar files to an archive
-c, --create create a new archive
-d, --diff, --compare find differences between archive and file system
--delete delete from the archive (not on mag tapes!)
-r, --append append files to the end of an archive
-t, --list list the contents of an archive
-u, --update only append files newer than copy in archive
-x, --extract, --get extract files from an archive
Operation modifiers:
-g, --listed-incremental=FILE handle new GNU-format incremental backup
-G, --incremental handle old GNU-format incremental backup
--ignore-failed-read do not exit with nonzero on unreadable files
-k, --keep-old-files don't replace existing files when extracting
--keep-newer-files don't replace existing files that are newer than
their archive copies
--no-overwrite-dir preserve metadata of existing directories
-n, --seek Archive is seekable
--occurrence[=NUMBER] process only the NUMth occurrence of each file in
the archive. This option is valid only in
conjunction with one of the subcommands --delete,
--diff, --extract or --list and when a list of
files is given either on the command line or via
-T option. NUMBER defaults to 1.
--overwrite overwrite existing files when extracting
-O, --to-stdout extract files to standard output
--recursive-unlink empty hierarchies prior to extracting directory
--remove-files remove files after adding them to the archive
-S, --sparse handle sparse files efficiently
-U, --unlink-first remove each file prior to extracting over it
-W, --verify attempt to verify the archive after writing it
Handling of file attributes:
--atime-preserve don't change access times on dumped files
--group=NAME force NAME as group for added files
--mode=CHANGES force (symbolic) mode CHANGES for added files
-m, --touch don't extract file modified time
--no-same-owner extract files as yourself
--no-same-permissions do not extract permissions information
--numeric-owner always use numbers for user/group names
--owner=NAME force NAME as owner for added files
-p, --preserve-permissions, --same-permissions
extract permissions information
--preserve same as both -p and -s
--same-owner try extracting files with the same ownership
-s, --preserve-order, --same-order
sort names to extract to match archive
Device selection and switching:
-f, --file=ARCHIVE use archive file or device ARCHIVE
--force-local archive file is local even if has a colon
-F, --info-script=NAME, --new-volume-script=NAME
run script at end of each tape (implies -M)
-L, --tape-length=NUMBER change tape after writing NUMBER x 1024 bytes
-M, --multi-volume create/list/extract multi-volume archive
--rmt-command=COMMAND use given rmt COMMAND instead of rmt
--rsh-command=COMMAND use remote COMMAND instead of rsh
--volno-file=FILE use/update the volume number in FILE
Device blocking:
-b, --blocking-factor=BLOCKS BLOCKS x 512 bytes per record
-B, --read-full-records reblock as we read (for 4.2BSD pipes)
-i, --ignore-zeros ignore zeroed blocks in archive (means EOF)
--record-size=NUMBER SIZE bytes per record, multiple of 512
Archive format selection:
-H, --format=FORMAT create archive of the given format.
FORMAT is one of the following:
gnu GNU tar 1.13.x format
oldgnu GNU format as per tar <= 1.12
pax POSIX 1003.1-2001 (pax) format
posix Same as pax
ustar POSIX 1003.1-1988 (ustar) format
v7 old V7 tar format
-j, --bzip2 filter the archive through bzip2
--old-archive, --portability
same as --format=v7
--pax-option=keyword[[:]=value][,keyword[[:]=value], ...]
control pax keywords
--posix same as --format=posix
--use-compress-program=PROG
filter through PROG (must accept -d)
-V, --label=TEXT create archive with volume name NAME. At
list/extract time, use TEXT as a globbing pattern
-z, --gzip, --gunzip, --ungzip filter the archive through gzip
-Z, --compress, --uncompress filter the archive through compress
Local file selection:
--after-date=DATE same as -N
--anchored exclude patterns match file name start
--backup[=CONTROL] backup before removal, choose version CONTROL
-C, --directory=DIR change to directory DIR
--exclude=PATTERN exclude files, given as a PATTERN
--exclude-caches exclude directories containing a cache tag
-h, --dereference dump instead the files symlinks point to
--ignore-case exclusion ignores case
-K, --starting-file=MEMBER-NAME
begin at member MEMBER-NAME in the archive
--newer-mtime=DATE compare date and time when data changed only
--no-anchored exclude patterns match after any / (default)
--no-ignore-case exclusion is case sensitive (default)
--no-recursion avoid descending automatically in directories
--no-wildcards exclude patterns are plain strings
--no-wildcards-match-slash exclude pattern wildcards do not match '/'
--null -T reads null-terminated names, disable -C
-N, --newer=DATE-OR-FILE only store files newer than DATE-OR-FILE
--one-file-system stay in local file system when creating archive
-P, --absolute-names don't strip leading `/'s from file names
--recursion recurse into directories (default)
--strip-components=NUMBER strip NUMBER leading components from file
names
--suffix=STRING backup before removal, override usual suffix ('~'
unless overridden by environment variable
SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX
-T, --files-from=FILE-OF-NAMES get names to extract or create from file
NAME
--wildcards exclude patterns use wildcards (default)
--wildcards-match-slash exclude pattern wildcards match '/' (default)
-X, --exclude-from=FILE exclude patterns listed in FILE
Informative output:
--checkpoint display progress messages every 10th record
-v, --verbose verbosely list files processed
--check-links print a message if not all links are dumped
--index-file=FILE send verbose output to FILE
-R, --block-number show block number within archive with each
message
--show-defaults Show tar defaults
--show-omitted-dirs When listing or extracting, list each directory
that does not match search criteria
--totals print total bytes written while creating archive
--utc print file modification dates in UTC
-w, --interactive, --confirmation
ask for confirmation for every action
Compatibility options:
-o when creating, same as --old-archive. When
extracting, same as --no-same-owner
Other options:
-?, --help Give this help list
--license Print license and exit
--usage Give a short usage message
--version Print program version
Mandatory or optional arguments to long options are also mandatory or optional
for any corresponding short options.
The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control may be set with --backup or VERSION_CONTROL, values are:
t, numbered make numbered backups
nil, existing numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
never, simple always make simple backups
*This* tar defaults to:
--format=gnu -f- -b20 --rmt-command=/sbin/rmt --rsh-command=/usr/bin/rsh
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